Applied Energy Materials Group
Welcome to the Applied Energy Materials Group, where we focus on designing, understanding and recycling advanced materials for the creation of sustainable energy storage and zero thermal expansion materials.
Here you will find information on our research, group members and alumni, publications and media related to our work.
Our Group
- Group leaders
- PhD candidates
- Alumni
Chandrasekhar Gangadharappa
- May 2023 – Current, PhD Student in School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney; Supervisor: Dr Dong Jun Kim.
- May 2018 – April 2023, Research Assistant, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore; Supervisor: Prof Satish Patil.
- Feb 2015 - Mar 2018, Research Scientist, Anthem Biosciences Pvt. Ltd. Bangalore.
- July 2014 – Sept 2014: Summer Intern, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore; Supervisor: Prof T Govindaraju.
- Aug 2012 – June 2014: Master of Science (Organic Chemistry), Bangalore University.
- Jul 2009 – May 2012: Bachelors of Science (Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics), Bangalore University.
Chandrasekhar G was born in India. He obtained his bachelor’s degree in physics, chemistry and mathematics followed by master’s degree in organic chemistry from Bangalore University. During his master’s, he got selected for summer research fellowship program at Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) where he worked on project titled synthesis of coumarin derivatives for applications in fluorescence spectroscopy and biology under the supervision of Prof T Govindaraju. After completing his master’s degree, he joined a pharmaceutical custom research organization in Bangalore as a scientist and worked on various research projects focusing on synthesis of organic heterocycles and drug intermediates for 3 years. In 2018, he moved to the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) Bangalore and worked as a research assistant under the guidance of Prof Satish Patil where his research work was focused on developing organic semiconducting materials for applications in organic photovoltaics and energy storage systems. He is currently pursuing a PhD under the supervision of Dr DJ Kim at UNSW Sydney and his research interests focus on developing electrode materials for energy storage applications.
Completed PhD
- Liam McKinlay
- Taren Cataldo
- Dilan Thilakarathna
- Jian Peng
- Matthew Teusner
- Lisa Djuandhi
- Jimmy Wu
- Jennifer Stansby
- Conrad Gillard
- Emily Cheung
- Damian Goonetilleke
- Junnan Liu
- Divya Sehrawat
- James Christian
Completed Masters
- Daniel Brocklebank
- Yi Liao
Completed Honours (Science)
- Jonathan Misfud
- Alex Nyugen
- Jarrah Clark
- Lilian Andrew
- Wyatt Rey
- Daniel Brocklebank
- Liam McKinlay
- Ivan Johan
- Maxwell Ong
- Eleanor Parker
- Michael Fenech
- Kathleen Djohari
- Sunny Wang
- Lisa Djuandhi
- Jimmy Wu
- Luke Steller
- Bernd Schulz
- Mackenzie Hagan
- Damian Goonetilleke
- Othman Al Bahri
- James Christian
- Hieu Nguyen
Completed Honours (Engineering)
- Stephen Rattanaxay
- James Bott
- Ken Jianjian Zheng
- Charith Perera
Our research
Our group investigates how we can improve current energy-storage devices and materials and develop the next generation of technologies essential for our technology-driven lives. We explore how the atomic arrangement (crystal structure) and chemical composition of materials influence their physical and electrochemical properties.
Using chemical methods to tune crystal structures allows us to manipulate the physical properties of materials to improve their performance for specific applications—whether to provide more power, extend battery life, produce zero thermal expansion materials or reduce environmental costs.
Our research encompasses exploratory synthesis; crystal-structure determination using synchrotron X-ray and neutron scattering; advanced analysis of battery performance and degradation; physical-property measurements; in situ characterisation of functional devices; and sustainable approaches to recycling and repurposing lithium-ion batteries.
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Lithium-ion batteries have transformed portable electronics and are increasingly used in electric vehicles and renewable energy systems. However, concerns surrounding cost, resource availability, and long-term sustainability motivate the search for alternative battery technologies. Projects here focus on next-generation energy storage, particularly sodium-ion, solid-state and lithium-sulfur batteries, through the development and characterisation of novel electrode and electrolyte materials. Our goal is to enable reliable, affordable, and scalable battery systems that support the widespread adoption of renewable energy.
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Understanding how batteries age and fail is essential for improving their performance, safety, and lifetime. This research develops advanced analytical and diagnostic approaches to investigate the chemical and structural changes that occur during battery operation and degradation. By combining state-of-the-art characterisation techniques with electrochemical analysis, we aim to identify degradation mechanisms, evaluate material performance, and provide insights that guide the design of more durable and reliable energy storage systems.
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The rapid growth of electric vehicles and large-scale energy storage systems is generating an increasing volume of end-of-life batteries, creating both environmental challenges and opportunities for resource recovery. This project develops sustainable recycling and repurposing strategies for lithium-ion batteries, addressing challenges associated with diverse battery chemistries, material degradation, and process economics. By advancing scalable and cost-effective recovery technologies, we aim to maximise resource utilisation, reduce environmental impact, and support a circular economy for energy storage materials.
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The majority of materials expand during heating via thermal expansion and this process is responsible for billions of dollars per year in maintenance, re-manufacture and replacement costs due to wear and tear on both moving parts (e.g. in aircraft gas turbines), and components that are designed to be static (e.g. in optics, coatings, electronics). If a zero thermal expansion (ZTE) material can be made, a material that neither expands nor contracts upon heating, this could dramatically reduce industrial costs. In order to achieve this, the opposite extreme of materials are considered in this project - negative thermal expansion (NTE) is a property exhibited by a small group of materials predominantly due to transverse vibrations of atom groups or cooperative rotations of units (e.g. –CN- or WO6). These materials typically feature large crystallographic voids and cations with variable oxidation states. So why not use a battery as a synthesis tool? In this project we will controllably insert Li and Na into the voids of the NTE materials, via a battery, in order to tune the cooperative rotations to produce ZTE materials.
Publications
Below are some examples of cover art from journals in which our publications have appeared.
For a full list of our publications, visit the UNSW profiles of our Group leaders Prof Sharma and Dr Kim.
News and media
Why you shouldn't leave your phone charging – Lab Notes, ABC Radio National
30 September 2026
Your phone battery doesn't like being fully charged or discharged. This is why it's sometimes advised that to extend its life, you shouldn't charge your phone beyond 80 per cent, or let it drop below 20 per cent.
But what's actually happening inside a lithium-ion battery to cause this effect, and what does it mean for battery engineering — and the life of the battery in your phone, or your electric car?
Jonathan Webb powers through the chemistry of batteries with Professor Neeraj Sharma.
Let's make a battery – UNSW Science
25 September 2026
How far away are batteries that last forever? – Nights with John Stanley, 2GB / Nine Radio
18 August 2021
John Stanley speaks with UNSW chemist Neeraj Sharma about developing smaller, safer and longer-lasting batteries for renewable-energy storage, electric vehicles and space applications.
Next-generation sodium-ion batteries – Beyond Zero – Science and Solutions, 3CR Community Radio
10 July 2015
Dr Neeraj Sharma of the UNSW School of Chemistry, speaks with Beyond Zero – Science and Solutions about the development of next-generation sodium-ion batteries and their potential as an energy-storage technology.
Crystallography an ‘Australian science’ – Off Track, ABC Radio National
7 September 2014
ABC Radio National presenter Ann Jones speaks with UNSW researcher Neeraj Sharma about how X-ray crystallography reveals atomic structures and underpins developments in medicines, DNA research, electronics and energy materials.
Gallery
Contact us
Location
School of Chemistry
Dalton Building
Lower Kensington campus
Kensington
Sydney NSW Australia
Current opportunities
- PhD projects
- Honours projects
- Summer projects
All our projects involve a science case problem to solve and require independent, creative thinking in finding a solution. If you are interested in learning more about our research or understaking a standalone project in our group, please do not hesitate to contact neeraj.sharma@unsw.edu.au or batteries@unsw.edu.au.
Postdoctoral positions
Unfortunately, we do not presently have available funding for a postdoctoral researcher position.
However, we would advise any prospective candidates to forward their CV to the above email addresses should funding for a potential position become available.