Code Review

Topics covered include:

• C/C++ Programming Language
  
• Vulnerability discovery
• Dynamic Program Analysis
• C/C++ Bug Patterns
• Open Source OS Kernel Auditing
• Automating Code Review with Coccinelle Secure Coding.

Day 1 – Review of C/C++ Programming Language

Day 1 starts off with a comprehensive review of C code language and commonly called functions. We’ll then move onto basic Debugging Functions, Pointers, Strings and Arrays, and Dynamic Memory management techniques.

Topics

Type and Variables, Control Flow, Functions, Bitwise Arithmetic, Debugging, GDB, Changing a Register, Types of Arrays, Dereferencing, Pointer Operations, Buffer Functions, Strings, Allocating Memory, Buffer Overflows, Calloc, Dynamic Data Structures

Day 2 – C/C++ Bug Patterns

The session introduces the concept of fuzzing in order to find unique crashes and exploitable cases, followed by an in-depth discussion around Static Program Analysis and advantages and limitations of Symbolic Execution processes.

Topics

Dumb Fuzzing, Generative Fuzzing, Fuzzing Internals, Lexical Analysis, Parsing, Intermediate Representations, Control Flow Analysis, Data Flow Analysis, Compiler Optimisations, SMT, Symbolic Execution.

Day 3 – C/C++ Bug Patterns cont.

This session delves into numerous examples of C Language Problems and Standard C Libraries. Unix APIs and Problems will be discussed, and the day concludes with an Introduction to Exploitation followed by several practical exercises.

Topics

Integers, Floating Point Numbers, printf, Stream IO, Tmpnam/access, Pthreads, Strings, Common Unix and Linux APIs, Vulnerable Program, Stack Layouts.

Day 4 – Open Source OS Kernel Auditing

The session starts with an overview of how to navigate the Linux Kernel. It will also touch on Memory Bugs in OS Kernels and examine different types of OS Kernel Attack Surfaces.

Topics

Source Code Structure, Useful APIs, Memory Allocation, Memory Copying, File Systems, System Calls, Device Drivers.

Day 5 – Secure Coding

This session goes over SMT Solving, Reverse Engineering and Code Review Strategies. Students get to put their newly acquired skills and knowledge into practice through hands-on exercises.

Topics

SMT-Lib, Z3, BitVectors, Small Programs, Large Programs, Symbol & Data Structure Recovery, Decompilation, Code Review.